The problems of large number of targets， small scale and high-overlapping lead to low accuracy and difficulty in target detection. In order to improve the precision of target detection and avoid missed detection and false detection as much as possible， an improved YOLOv3 target detection algorithm based on boundary limit point features was proposed. Firstly， a boundary enhancement operator Border was introduced to adaptively extract boundary features from the limit points of the boundary to enhance the features of the existing points and improve the accuracy of target positioning. Then， the precision of target detection was further improved by increasing the target detection scale， refining the feature map， and enhancing the fusion of the feature image deep and shallow semantic information. Finally， based on the target instance characteristics in target detection and the improved network model， the Complete Intersection over Union （CIoU） function was introduced to improve the original YOLOv3 loss function， thereby improving the convergence speed and recall of the detection box. Experimental results show that compared with the original YOLOv3 target detection algorithm， the improved YOLOv3 target detection algorithm has the Average Precision increased by 3.9 percentage points ， and has the detection speed similar to the original algorithm， verifying that it can effectively improve the target detection ability of models.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional FireWorks Algorithm (FWA) in the process of optimization, such as the search range limited by explosion radius and the lack of effective interaction between particles, an Enhanced FireWork Algorithm with adaptive Merging strategy and Guidance operator (EFWA-GM) was proposed. Firstly, according to the position relationship between fireworks particles, the overlapping explosion ranges in the optimization space were adaptively merged. Secondly, by making full use of the position information of high-quality particles through layering the spark particles, the guiding operator was designed to guide the evolution of suboptimal particles, so as to improve the accuracy and convergence speed of the algorithm. Experimental results on 12 benchmark functions show that compared with Standard Particle Swarm Optimization (SPSO) algorithm, Enhanced FireWorks Algorithm (EFWA), Adaptive FireWorks Algorithm (AFWA), dynamic FireWorks Algorithm (dynFWA), and Guided FireWorks Algorithm (GFWA), the proposed EFWA-GM has better optimization performance in optimization accuracy and convergence speed, and obtains optimal solution accuracy on 9 benchmark functions.

Due to the low illumination, low contrast and similar color between target and environment in a coal mine, problems of undetected objects and false detections appear. An improved miner target detection method was proposed, integrating Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) with Local Binary Pattern (LBP). The color information of background was fitted by means of GMM, and the texture information was extracted by employing LBP, then the miners targets were detected by integrating the color and the texture information. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm decreases the problems of undetected objects and false detections, and can detect miner target in real-time with high precision.